Search results for "Longue durée"
showing 8 items of 8 documents
Analyse de l’évolution des formes de l’habitat dans la Plaine de Troyes du 5e millénaire à la fin de l’âge du Bronze
2015
International audience
Influence d'une supplémentation en vitamines sur le rendement de la locomotion après une épreuve d'ultratrail
2006
International audience; Aim: The purpose of this study was to study changes in gross efficiency of locomotion after a prolonged trail running race (3000 m up and 300 m down). The second purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of supplementation in vitamin on gross efficiency variability.Materials and methods: Twenty-two well-trained endurance runners took part in this study. They had to perform four sub maximal tests before, 24, 48 and 72 hours after the race in order to estimate gross efficiency of locomotion and a maximal contraction test in the same period. They were divided in two groups either with supplementation (Isoxan Endurance ®) or without (placebo).Results: In both groups w…
En direct de l’essai patrimonial des 42 parcelles d’INRAE à Versailles : impacts de fertilisations centenaires en profondeur du NEOLUVISOL de lœss
2020
International audience; Après l’étude d’évolutions pédologiques et géochimiques dans l’horizon de surface (van Oort et al., 2016, 2017a), ce nouveau volet du projet de valorisation du dispositif des 42 parcelles de l’Inra de Versailles présente les effets d’apports continus de matières fertilisantes à l’échelle du solum, pour une dizaine de traitements : ammoniacaux, engrais-Na et/ou K, phosphatés, CaCO$_3$, fumier et témoins. Pour chaque traitement, les profils de teneur en éléments (0-120 cm) ont été comparés avec le bilan 1929-2014 en surface (0-25 cm), afin de raisonner la pertinence d’études des impacts d’activités anthropiques, restreintes à l’horizon de surface. En l’absence de végét…
Analyze and simulation a dynamic of soil indicators fertility under different agricultural management practices in cotton area of Togo
2011
Using data observed during 20 to 40 years in different agro-ecosystems of Togo, we analyzed soil fertility dynamic under different agricultural management practices. Tree soil C models of varying complexity were tested, and the most accurate in terms of soil C dynamics description in these tropical soils was associated with the QUEFTS model and with nutrient partial balance to analyze the effect of each agricultural management practice. Results indicated that, although fertilizers N, P and K were continuously applied at a recommended rate by the research (RR) or at this rate increased in 50% (1.5RR), initial cotton and cereals yields of 1.5 to 2 t ha˗1 and 2 to 3 t ha˗1, respectively, decre…
Un finage dans la longue durée: Saint-Martin-du-Mont (Côte-d’Or)
2010
On évalue ici les effets de la transmission des structures et formes agraires dans la longue durée. Nous postulons que, depuis la protohistoire, la forme des parcellaires, celle de la voirie ou de l’habitat n’ont jamais été fondamentalement remises en cause. L’organisation actuelle du finage de la commune de Saint-Martin-du-Mont (Bourgogne) est un héritage, probablement une construction médiévale et moderne adossée à une potentialité antique. Les opérations foncières successives se sont coulées dans le moule planimétrique préexistant.
Ressources naturelles et développement dans le monde tropical : les contradictions entre dynamiques écologiques, reproduction sociale et ordre économ…
2013
Natural resources are in the midst of contradictory dynamics. While they are essential to the reproduction of societies and life, actual organization of the world economy subordinates them to logics of accumulation. In addition to the fact that these logics don't take into account (consider) the physical limits inside of which humanity evolves, they induce problematic socio-ecological inequalities at different scales. Indeed, actual international economic order tends to generate ecologically unequal exchanges, which disrupt the development of primary exporting countries and threaten the most vulnerable populations and ecosystems inside of them.Tropics are the typical context in which such c…
La collection historique d’échantillons de sols de l’essai patrimonial des ‘42 parcelles’ (INRAE, Versailles) : une machine à remonter le temps...
2020
Following three previous papers (van Oort et al., 2016, 2017, 2020) dealing with current soil characteristics and geochemical budgets in surface horizons, as well as the impacts of fertilization in subsurface horizons in soils of INRAE’s long term bare fallow experiment (the 42-plots trial), we now present some chronological aspects of soil evolution at the soil’s surface since 1928. For that, we analyzed several series of about 15 samples from the historical sample archive for 10 representative treatments: fertilizers with acidifying effects (ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate), fertilizers with dispersive effects (sodium nitrate, sylvinite, and potassium chloride), superphosphate, amen…
ModeLTER : modelling of landscapes and territories over the long term, the members of an European Associated Laboratory (EAL) in CAENTI.
2006
International audience; The aim of this new project is the modelisation of landscapes and territories over the long term. This has been a topic that engaged the proposed research team for several years, particularly in the frame of two European projects, Archeomedes I & II, during the 1990s (Van der Leeuw S., Favory F., Fiches J.- L. (eds.) 2003, Favory F., Girardot J.-J., van der Leeuw S. 2004). Both French and Slovenian teams were involved in the project by Professors S. Van der Leeuw and Z. Stančič. Since this period, the collaboration of French and Slovenian researchers increased in activity, and it finds now a new organization in an European Associated Laboratory, linking archaeologist…